This process is known as binding, and it occurs both within and across sensory modalities. The study of multistability in several perceptual modalities has the potential to provide a powerful framework for understanding how the different attributes of objects in the environment are bound together, within our perceptual systems, to provide a coherent interpretation of the world around us. Multistability provides a window into the mind, since it gives a natural and unique dissociation between objective properties of the stimulus and subjective sensations: the stimulus properties are constant, whereas sensations change in a dynamic fashion. Finally, some open questions arising from the current state of the field are listed. The third section describes how the papers presented in the issue contribute to this relatively recent field of research. Rather, the next section presents the motivation for extending the study of visual multistability to other modalities. This introduction is not intended as a review of multistability, as many excellent reviews are already available and more reviews are available in the present issue. This special issue of the Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B presents recent advances in the study of multistability not only for vision but also for audition and speech, with a combination of psychophysical, physiological and modelling approaches. For more than two centuries, it has been a major conceptual and experimental tool for investigating perceptual awareness in vision. Multistability occurs when a single physical stimulus produces alternations between different subjective percepts. We end with some thoughts about open directions and avenues for further research. We emphasize this theme while presenting an outline of the papers in this issue. We argue that multistability can be used as a method for studying binding processes within and across sensory modalities. Binding refers to the process whereby the different attributes of objects in the environment, as represented in the sensory array, are bound together within our perceptual systems, to provide a coherent interpretation of the world around us. We argue here that most if not all cases of multistability are based on competition in selecting and binding stimulus information. The key features of multistability are: (i) stimuli have more than one plausible perceptual organization (ii) these organizations are not compatible with each other. It has since been described for other sensory modalities, including audition, touch and olfaction. Multistability was first described for vision, where it occurs, for example, when different stimuli are presented to the two eyes or for certain ambiguous figures. For example, seeing a person being tapped on the shoulder would cause the synesthete to feel a tap on the shoulder too.This special issue presents research concerning multistable perception in different sensory modalities. In this form of synesthesia, an individual feels the same sensation in response to a stimulus as another person. Mirror-touch synesthesia: While rare, mirror-touch synesthesia is noteworthy because it can be disruptive to a synesthete's life.For example, a person's name might taste like chocolate. Lexical-gustatory synesthesia: This a rare type of synesthesia in which hearing a word results in tasting a flavor.Number form: A number form is a mental shape or map of numbers resulting from seeing or thinking about numbers.Persons who experience grapheme-color synesthesia sometimes report seeing impossible colors when red and green or blue and yellow graphemes appear next to each other in a word or number. Synesthetes don't associate the same colors for a grapheme as each other, although the letter "A" does appear to be red to many individuals. Grapheme-color synesthesia: This is a common form of synesthesia characterized by seeing graphemes (letter or numerals) shaded with a color.For example, the musical note "D" may correspond to seeing the color green. Chromesthesia: In this common form of synesthesia, sounds and colors are associated with each other.
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